岩石变形所反映的地震作用过程--第13届国际变形机理、流变学和构造学学术会议概述   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姚大全 《国际地震动态》2001,(7):9-12

简要介绍了第13届国际变形机理、流变学和构造学学术会议的概况和特点，综述了地震变形作用的研究现状。  相似文献   

Strain and tilt changes measured during a water injection experiment at the Nojima Fault zone, Japan   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Kunio Fujimori  Hiroshi Ishii  Atsushi Mukai  Shigeru Nakao  Shigeo Matsumoto  Yasuhiro Hirata 《Island Arc》2001,10(3-4):228-234

Abstract In order to make geophysical and geological investigations of the Nojima Fault on Awaji Island, Japan, three boreholes measuring 1800 m, 800 m and 500 m deep were drilled into the fault zone. The fault is one of the seismic source faults of the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake of M 7.2. A new multicomponent borehole instrument was installed at the bottom of the 800 m borehole and continuous observations of crustal strain and tilt have been made using this instrument since May 1996. A high-pressure water injection experiment within the 1800 m borehole was done in February and March 1997 to study the geophysical response, behavior, permeability, and other aspects of the fault zone. The injection site was located approximately 140 m horizontally and 800 m vertically from the instrument. Associated with the water injection, contraction of approximately 0.7 × 10⁻⁷ str (almost parallel to the fault) and tilt of approximately 1 × 10^-7 rad in the sense of upheaval toward the injection site were observed. In addition to these controlled experiments, the strainmeter and tiltmeter also recorded daily variations. We interpret strain and tilt changes to be related to groundwater discharge and increased ultra-micro seismicity induced by the injected water.  相似文献   

Determination of active units with different kinematic property and their activity pattern in North China based on the data from GPS remeasurements     

杨国华  韩月萍  张凤兰 《地震学报(英文版)》2001,(1)

IntroductionWith the most feasible and powerful technical support provided by the high-precision GPS measurement for the study on horizontal crustal deformation, the obtainment of various-scale horizontal movement data and its study over the whole world is now in the ascendant, and its applicable fields is now expanding successively. In China, besides the GPS monitoring networks for different applications arranged by many agencies and departments, the key scientific project Crustal Movement…  相似文献   

SOURCE RADIATION AND RESPONSES OF WAVE PROPAGATION   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

CHEN Sheng-zao  Gail M Atkinson 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2001,25(1)

Recordings of seismic waves propagating from earthquake source to a station at the earth's surface are a system response function.The convolution operator in time domain can be simplified as a multiplication operator in frequency domain.We discuss in frequency domain the separation of source,path and site effects for global scaling of earthquake source radiation.Also discussed are source scaling model,faulting mechanism,and the H/V inversion problems with crustal and near surface structures.Gross features of apparent source spectra appear to be not much region-dependent although there may be difference between tectonic styles within a region of tectonic mixture for which we need further study as data accumulate.Vertical spectra may be a better approach to approximate source radiation,as it has less crustal amplification effects than horizontal spectra.The H/V ratio is evidently a comprehensive indicator of amplification effects from near surface to deep structure.This gives it potential as an inversion tool to deduce site crustal structure.  相似文献   

赤道印度洋-太平洋地区海气系统的齿轮式耦合和ENSO事件 II.数值模拟   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14  

孟文  吴国雄 《大气科学》2000,24(1):15-25

首先应用IAP/LASG GOALS气候模式的多年积分的结果，对赤道中西太平洋和印度洋 的SST和纬向风场进行分析，发现在模式中也同样存在与观测资料分析结果相似的“印太齿 轮式耦合”。基于此，设计了赤道太平洋和印度洋海域纬向风应力异常的4组敏感性试验， 去研究太平洋和印度洋海气相互作用的联系。结果表明，在太平洋或印度洋上的大气异常 信号通过印-太齿轮组合（GIP）作为桥梁（atmospheric bridge），影响到另一地的海气 相互作用，从而将太平洋上的ENSO类年际变率信号与印度洋环流和亚洲季风纬向分量的变 化联系起来。  相似文献   

山地蒸发的计算   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

傅抱璞 《气象科学》1996,16(4):328-335

本文研讨了山地下垫面蒸发的计算，提出了根据迳流系数和降水强度确定计算蒸发公式中与地形、植被、土壤等下垫面特性降水性质有关的参数的方法，经实际检验，结果令人满意。  相似文献   

江苏省夏季持续干旱和雨涝的气候分析以及环流和海温场演变特征   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

施宁  栾建林 《气象科学》1996,(4)

在对我省夏季持续干旱和雨涝进行气候分析的基础上，研究了夏季持续干旱和持续雨涝的环流特征差异、持续干旱的两种不同的环流型以及前期海温场的特征和演变规律。  相似文献   

青藏高原地表反照率计算研究   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  

方宗义  刘玉洁  林曼筠 《气象学报》1996,54(5):580-589

根据改进的甚高分辨率扫描辐射仪（ＡＶＨＲＲ）５个观测波段的光谱特征，经多次试验，设计了一组从卫星观测的地－气系统的辐射测值中提取晴空资料的多通道门槛值判识法和提取月平均反照率的合成法；并对１９９２年ＮＯＡＡ－１２卫星获取的ＡＶＨＲＲ资料进行计算处理，分析提取晴空数据，在此基础上按卫星轨道覆盖周期合成计算得到的晴空行星反照率和地表反照率，并且计算了逐月的地表反照率。对计算结果做了初步分析和认真比较。  相似文献   

SOME NEW UNDERSTANDINGS OF LAND-SURFACE PROCESSES IN ARID AREA FROM THE HEIFE     

胡隐樵  高由禧 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1996,(2)

The survey for the HEIFE(Atmosphere-Land Surface Processes Experiment at Heihe RiverBasin,Western China)is given in the paper.The following basic subjects for land-surface process-es in arid areas are studied:(1)the general characteristics of the energy budget on ground surfacein arid areas;(2)the parameterization of the land surface processes;(3)the interaction betweenoasis and its desert circumstances,a special phenomenon in arid areas.The analysis shows that thesensible heat flux in the surface energy budget is in the majority,and the latent heat flux may beneglected.The influence of atmospheric stratification stability on the turbulent transfer of energyand substance must be considered in parameterization of land surface processes in arid areas.The“cold island effect”phenomenon in oasis and the“humidity inversion”phenomenon in desert nearoasis are the result of the interaction between them.The results would improve the understandingof land surface processes in arid areas.  相似文献   

利用GEOSAT／ERM卫星测高数据计算中国近海海平面   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

王海瑛  王广运 《测绘学报》1996,25(1):25-30,52

本文利用一年（１９８６年１１月８日～１９８７年１１月１７日）２２个ＥＲＭ周期的ＧＥＯＳＡＴ卫星测高数据计算出中国近海海域（１０５°～１３５°Ｅ，０°～４０°Ｎ）相对于ＧＲＳ８０参考椭球面的１°×１°年平均海平面。该海平面我们称之为ＩＧＧＭＳＳ９５平均海平面。在数据处理过程中，由于采用了混合轨道误差模型及交叠平差技术，极大地消除了在误差中占主要成分的径向轨道误差影响，使得ＩＧＧＭＳＳ９５平均海平面的总体精度达到±２０～３０ｃｍ（ＲＭＳ）水平。与ＯＳＵ９１Ａ重力大地水准面模型相比较可以发现两者具有惊人的一致性。  相似文献